Summary

LoopVLA replaces the conventional fixed-depth Transformer in VLA models with a shared looped Transformer that enables progressive refinement of representations. A dual-head design with an action head and a sufficiency head allows the model to learn when to stop iterating, reducing model size by 45% while maintaining strong performance.

Key Contributions

  • Shared looped (recurrent) Transformer replaces fixed-depth backbone for VLA representation learning
  • Distribution alignment objective for learning sufficiency estimation from action optimization signals
  • Dual-head design (action + sufficiency) enables learned early-exit without heuristic criteria
  • 45% model size reduction; up to 1.7× higher inference throughput in extreme settings
  • Evaluated on LIBERO, LIBERO-Plus, and VLA-Arena

Significance

LoopVLA shows that recurrent computation with adaptive depth achieves competitive VLA performance at substantially lower parameter count and latency, making real-time deployment on resource-constrained hardware more feasible.